Internal combustion engine



Oct. 11, 1938. J, w MMCLATCHIE 2,132,794

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l www ATTORNEY.

Oct. 1l, 1938. Y 1 w MacCLATCmE 2,132,794

l INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE original Filed Aug. 19, 1935 2 snags-sheet 2 INVENT OR.

Ru wi ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 11, 1938 n n Y imams; INTERNAL ooMBusT'IoN ENGINE. y '5 I John'r W.l MacClatchie; yLos Angeles, Calif.

Original application August 19, 91933', Serial No.

685,931. Divided and this; application Scpteme` Y l be1"7,.1935, Serial N0. l39,565 v v K 5 Claims.

rIl'his invention is anvinternal c ombustion engine; the presentapplication beingadivision of `my copending application Ser. No. r685,931 led august 19, 1933 which patentV application matured into Patent Number 2,074,702, March 2,3,

.. It is an object of the inventionlto provide a vertical crank shaft and Y horizontal cylinders for an internal combustion engine, with the` various parts so arranged asvto insure a compact-assembly and permit `freeaccess tcthe engine and f at'the Vsame time protect the variousY accessories v flowing past the exhaust valves is then discharged fromuthewaterjackets of theycylinders and recooled beforerbeing used furtheras acooling medium.

, Itis astill further object-of the invention to provide thermo-syphon circulation v for lhorizontal cylinders, with the lcooling medium uniformly distributed tothe variouscylinders and they kflow past each cylinder being separately discharged and recooled beforereuse.'v y A Further-objects of the inventiongwill be readily understood from the following description of the Iaccompanying drawingain which: Y `Fig. 1 is a front elevationrof-,an engine constructed in accordance with the invention, partly in axial section. l YFig. 2 isa side elevation `,of the engine. u Fig.. 3 is a plan viewofthe engine. V;

4 is a plan view ofthe end'of one cylinder with the head removed along the line 4 4 of Fig. 1, the Valves being shownin dotted outline. f

Fig. 5gis a detail section onrthe line 5--5 of Fig. 2. ;j

The engine is shown as a radial cylinder internal combustion enginev havingits crankshaft vvertically disposed, the crank case Softhe engine preferably resting upon a casingextension which may be mounted on rany;Slltalrrle support. The crank case 9,Iisfshownj.cylindricalbon ar ver).-

`buret'er is protected by being within the spider- ,level so that the exhaust gases clear the operator .whenhe is workingl around the engine.

(Cl. 12S-173) f ticalaxis, and its lower endmay be enlarged for reception of a flywheel as'shown at 9a, and its upper `end preferably includes an extension 9b having av radial enlargement 9c and adapted to -house the cam mechanism for l thervalves of thel fengine. The periphery of the crank case has a `plurality of anged openings. l0 for radial cylinder blocks II, and acrank shaft I2 is journaled in the crank casevon a vertical axis. Piston rods for the` cylinders IIb of the respective cylinder blocks are connected tol a common crank-throw I3 of the crank shaft. The upper portions of the cylinderblocks form valve casings IIa for usual `intake, and exhaust valves, and the valves areoperated. by cam mechanism I4 which is shownVlr 1journaled on shaft I2, and which may be driven by shaft I2L through gearing I5 which is housed in the casing extension 9b. A flywheel IS is preferably fixed on thelower end of shaft I2 and is housed in casing 9a. d

intake( and exhaust pipes 20 and 2I communicatewith the intake and exhaust valvesfor the respectivecylinders; andthe intake pipes 29 Iproject vupwardly from the respective cylinder blocks and then extend toward the vertical axis of the engine where they are connected to a manifold 22 which is supplied with fuel from a carbureter 23, and the exhaust pipes 2| project upwardly from the respective cylinder blocksI and vthen extend toward the vertical axis of the engine in spaced relationr above the carbureter 23 and are `connected to` an exhaust manifold 24. Itwill thus be seen that free access may be had to the engine from all sides without obstruction by the intake andexhaust pipes, and that the carlike structure which is formed by the exhaust pipes 2|, and that the exhaust manifold 24 discharges into the atmosphere `at a relatively. high The engine is water-cooled, Water beingsupplied to an annular duct 25 in the crank case 9 via a supply pipe 26 connected to a water inlet 2l, and the water flows from the annular duct t through connections 28 to the lower sides of Water L jacketsy 29 of `therespective cylinder blocks, it being noted that the duct 25 is horizontally disposed and that t'he connections 28 for the respective` cylinder blocks are kall inthe same horizontal d plane` so that water supplied to the duct 25 will be equallydistributed to the water jackets of lthe respective cylinder blocks.

Heads 30 Vare mounted on thevcylinder blocks fand have extensions 3l of thewater jackets 29, 55

provided with outlets 32 at the upper sides of the valve casings I Ia of the respective cylinder blocks, with these outlets laterally offset from the vertical axial planes of the cylinder blocks as shown at Fig. 2 so that they communicate with the water jackets at points adjacent the exhaust valves. Consequently there is thermo-syphon circulation through the water jackets, from theY connections 28 at the lower sides of the cylinder blocks, thence around the cylinders I Ib, and thence around the intake and exhaust valves, with the water discharging at outlets 32 just after it has circulated around the exhaust valves. The water will have been raised to its maximum temperature by passing the hot spots at the exhaust valves, so that the water initially flows around the cylinders I Ib at a temperature lower than this maximum and is then discharged immediately after reaching its maximum temperaturel Eilicient cooling is thus assured.

The outlets 32 for the water jackets may be connected by pipes 33 leading from the respective outlets 32 to a manifold 34 having an outlet 35; and in addition to the thermo-syphon circulation through the water jackets of the respective cylinder blocks, the entire body of water may be circulated by a suitable pump not shown,v the water flowing from outlet 35 to a suitable radiator or other cooling means (not shown) and the cooled water then being returned to the engine via pipe 26.v A drive shaft 31V for the'pump of the circulation system may project radially from the crank case 9, with bevel gears 39-40 forming a driving connection between the crank shaft I2 and the inner end of the shaft 31. The outer end of the shaft 31 is preferably also adapted to drive a generator `and distributor for the ignition system of the engine, and to drive a pump which forces lubricating oil to the bearings of the engine.

As an instance of this arrangement a gear casing 4I which projects radially from crank case 9 may enclose the outer end of shaft 31; and a shaft 42 for the pump of the water circulating system may project radially beyond the gear casing, and shafts 43-44 may project from the ably house a driving connection between the crank shaft I2 and a drive shaft 60, and this driving-connection preferably includes gearing. K As an instance of this arrangement the shaft 60 is journaled in casing 8 so that the shafts I2-6U are laterally offset in order that an external gear 62 which is flxed on the shaft 60 may mesh with an internal gear 63 on the flywheel I9.

The invention as thus described provides aV compact engine having a vertically disposed drive shaft and horizontal radial cylinders, and insures adequate cooling of the cylinders and their valves, with the cooling medium flowing upwardly around the cylinders and thence around the valves for discharge just after it has reached its vmaximum temperature after passing the exhaust valves.

At Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown in more detail this previously described arrangement of the valves with relation tothe water jackets. The

intake and exhaust valves of a cylinder are shown respectively at 20a and 2Ia, and the extension 3| of the water jacket 29 is shown communicating with the main water jacket at 29a. The outlets 32 are shown communicating with the extension 3I of the water jacket via port 32a which open into the water space at its highest level, above and adjacent the exhaust valve 2Ia. The water thus flows around the cylinder IIb and thence around the valves, with no possibility of the water lbeing trapped and held against fLow at any n liquid jacket `for Veach cylinder, an annular cooling liquid supply chamber at one side of said bank of cylinders, said annular supply chamber Vbeing substantially concentric with said cylinder bank but of smaller diameter than the outside diameter of the said bank, each cylinder jacket having a cooling liquid inlet thereto at'the side thereof adjacent said annular supply chamber, a separate lsupply connection fromV said annular chamber to said jacket inlets respectively, the jackets'being closed against liquid supply thereto except through their separate inlets, eachcylinder jacket having an outlet therefrom at the opposite side of the cylinder fromA the liquid inlet, an outlet liquid manifold at the same side of said cylinder bank as said jacket outlets, and an outlet liquid connection from each cylinder jacket oute let to said outlet manifold.

2. A cooling system for an internal combustion engine having an annular bank of radially dis- ',posed cylinders positioned in a horizontal plane, said system embodying a cooling liquid jacket for each cylinder, a horizontally disposed water supply chamber below said lcylinder bank but Within the projected area of the lower side of said bank, each cylinder Vjacket having a cooling liquid inlet thereto in the lower portion thereof, a separate cooling liquid-supply connection from said horizontal supply chamber to said jacket inlets respectively, the cylinder jackets being closed against liquid supply thereto except through their separate inlets and said supply connections all communicating withthe supply chamber at the same'level, each cylinder jacket having a cooling liquid outlet therefrom at the upper side thereof adjacent the outer end of the cylinder, an outlet water manifold at the upper side of and substantially Within the projected area Yof the upper side of said cylinder bank and an outlet 4water connection from each cylinder jacket outlet to said outlet liquid manifold.

3. A cooling system for an internal' combustion engine having an annular bank of radially disposed cylinders, said systemembodying a cooling liquid jacket for each cylinder, a cooling liquid supply duct atone side of and extending around said cylinder bank adjacent the inner ends of said cylinder jackets, each cylinder jacket having a cooling liquid inlet thereto adjacent said supply duct, a separateliquid connection from said supply'd'uct `to said jacket inlets, respectively, the cooling liquid jackets being `closed against liquid supply'thereto except throughtheir separate inlets, each cylinder jacket having a cooling liquid outlet therefrom at the opposite side of thecylinder bank from said jacket inlets but adjacent the outer end of each jacket, an outlet liquid' l combination with said cylinder bank of, a cooling liquid jacket for each cylinder, a cooling liquid supply duct at one side of and extending around said cylinder bank adjacent the inner ends of said cylinders, each cylinder jacket having a cooling liquid inlet thereto adjacent said supply duct, a separate cooling liquid supply connection from said supply duct to said jacket inlets, respectively, the cylinder jackets being closed against liquid supply thereto, except through their separate inlets, each cylinder jacket having a liquid outlet therefrom at the opposite side of the cylinderv bank from the jacket inlets and said outlet being adjacent the outer end of the cylinder jacket, an outlet liquid line extending around and adjacent the outer ends of the cylinders at the side of said cylinder bank at which said jacket outlets are located, a liquid connection between each jacket outlet and said outlet liquid line, and an outlet liquid manifold connnected With said outlet line, the outlet liquid line, jacket outlet connections and said outlet liquid manifold being located Within the projected area oi the adjacent side of said cylinder bank.

5.- A cooling system for an internal combustion engine having an annular bank of radially disposed cylinders positioned in a horizontal plane, said system embodying a cooling liquid jacket for each cylinder, an annular cooling liquid supply passage at the lower side of said cylinder bank disposed adjacent the inner ends of the cylinders,

each cylinder jacket having a cooling liquid in let thereto, a separate liquid supply connection from said annular supply passagefto said jacket inlets, respectively, the cylinder, jackets being closed against supply thereto except through their separate inlets, each cylinder jacket having an outlet therefrom at the upper side of the cylinder bank and adjacent the outer end of the jacket, an outlet liquid manifold at the upper side rof said cylinder-bank, an outlet liquid connection from each cylinder jacket outlet to said manifold, and said outlet liquid manifold and outlet liquid connections thereto being disposed substantially within the upwardly projected area of the upper side of said cylinder bank.

JOHN W. MACCLATCHIE. 

